Exports

The Starbucks/Ethiopian coffee saga : geographical indications as a linchpin for development in developing countries

Upphovspersoner:	Watson, James | Streatfeild, Jeremy
Utgivare:	Nordiska Afrikainstitutet | Uppsala : Nordiska Afrikainstitutet
År:	2008
Ämnesord:	Coffee, Property rights, Trademarks, international trade, Exports, economic development, Geographical aspects, Business and economics, Ekonomi

A coalition of Ethiopian coffee producers and the Ethiopian Intellectual Property Office (EIPO) set up a programme to acquire trademarks in important export markets, with a view to increasing the profits on these brands for the producers. In March 2005, the Ethiopian government filed its first US trademark applications for three contested coffee names. After 15 months the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) agreed that the name Sidamo was generic and therefore could not be trademarked. This led to an outcry by some commentators, including NGOs and Intellectual Property Rights professionals. Yet, the arguments in favour of protecting indigenous knowledge under international trade rules as a linchpin for economic development and poverty eradication has been forcefully put forward by African countries and other developing countries in both regional trade negotiations and at the World Trade Organization. With the Ethiopian and Starbucks dispute in mind, James Watson and Jeremy Streatfeild eloquently explain in this piece how geographical indications can be used to enhance the capacity of farmers and economic development in Africa and other least developed countries.

South African minerals : an analysis of Western dependence

Upphovspersoner:	Gustafsson, Hans | Odén, Bertil | Tegen, Andreas
Utgivare:	Nordiska Afrikainstitutet | Uppsala : Nordiska Afrikainstitutet
År:	1990
Ämnesord:	South Africa, Southern Africa, Minerals, Mineral resources, Natural resources, Exports, Economics, Economic aspects, Sanctions, SOCIAL SCIENCES, SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP

This study examines the thesis about Western dependency on South african minerals. An analysis of world production, trade and consumption patterns leads to conclusions about South Africa's role as supplier, and possible alternatives in southern Africa and elsewhere. The study gives an up-to-date picture of the South African role as minerals supplier in the southern Africa region, and is at the same time an insightful review of one key element of the sanctions debate of the last decade.