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Nigeria

Structural adjustment, agrarian change and rural ethnicity in Nigeria

Upphovsperson: Egwu, Samuel G.
Utgivare: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet | Uppsala : Nordiska Afrikainstitutet
År: 1998
Ämnesord: Nigeria, West Africa, Structural adjustment, Agriculture, Ethnicity, Rural areas, SOCIAL SCIENCES, SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP
The period since the early 1980s when the Nigerian economic crisis began in earnest has coincided with an increase in the incidence of ethnic conflicts in the country. Even the rural areas, previously regarded as spheres of ethnic harmony have not been able to escape the spread of violent inter-communal and inter-ethnic clashes.This report represent an attempt to understand the sources of ethnic tension in contemporary Nigeria. In doing so, the relationship between economic decline, structural adjustment and ethnic clashes is explored. The focus is on the problem of rural ethnicity, a much neglected dimension of ethnicity in Nigeria.

The IMF and the World Bank in Africa : conditionality, impact and alternatives

Medarbetare: Havnevik, Kjell
Utgivare: Uppsala : Nordiska Afrikainstitutet
År: 1987
Ämnesord: Nigeria, Sudan, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Case studies, Development policy, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Business and economics, Ekonomi
Most Sub-Saharan African countries have, during the 1980s, implemented a program of structural adjustment in conjunction with the IMF and the World Bank. These international institutions have thus had a decisive role in the formulation of economic policies in these countries. In early 1987, a conference on the "IMF and the World Bank in Africa" was arranged by the Scandinavian Institute of African Studies in Uppsala. In the conference the character of the conditionality requirements attached to these programs were investigated by a group of international experts and their impacts were analysed on a macro-level and through specific studies of Nigeria, the Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Mozambique, South Africa, the Ivory Coast and India for comparative purposes. The conference also aimed at suggesting alternative and improved conditionality in the African context.

The changing forms of identity politics in Nigeria under economic adjustment : the case of the oil minorities movement of the Niger Delta

Upphovsperson: Obi, Cyril
Utgivare: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet | Uppsala : Nordiska Afrikainstitutet
År: 2001
Ämnesord: Structural adjustment, Ethnic groups, Minority groups, Petroleum industry, Nigeria, Niger Delta, SOCIAL SCIENCES, SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP
This study attempts to capture the transformations in ethnic minority identity politics in the oil-producing areas of the Niger delta. In doing this, attention is simultaneously drawn to the factors informing the shift from peaceful agitation to violent protest as well as the dynamic of decay and renewal in the various ethnic minority movements that are active in the delta. It is suggested that part of the solution to the crisis in the delta will involve not only a thorough-going restructuring of the Nigerian state but also the re-orientation of the mode of operation of the giant oil multinationals in order to make them both more sensitive and accountable to the local communities.

Les causes et les remèdes des conflits pétroliers du Delta du Niger

Upphovsperson: Ukiwo, Ukoha
Utgivare: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, Conflict, Displacement and Transformation | Uppsala : Nordiska Afrikainstitutet
År: 2009
Ämnesord: Ressources énergétiques, Ressources pétrolières, Sociétés transnationales, Conflits, Geopolitiques, Macroeconomie, Nigeria, Niger Delta, Peace and conflict research, Freds- och konfliktforskning
Les fortunes économique et politique du Nigéria, et la capacité du pays à jouer un rôle stabilisant dans la région africaine, dépendent de la résolution du conflit qui persiste dans la zone du delta du Niger. Le delta couvre neuf états, sur un total de 36, et 185 des 774 gouvernements locaux de la fédération nigériane. Il occupe une étendue totale de 75,000 mètres carrés et constitue la troisième plus grande zone humide de la terre. Le recensement Nigérien de 2006 montreque 30 million d’habitants, sur une population total de 185 million, résident dans la région du delta du Niger. La quasi-totalité des réseaux de gaz et de pétrole du Nigéria sont situés dans la région. Depuis 1990, le pétrole et le gaz représentent environ 40% du produit intérieur brut (PIB). Entre 2000 et 2004, ces deux industries ont engendré 75% des revenus totales du gouvernement, et ont généré 97% des échanges commerciaux. En plus d´être essentiel à la viabilité financière du Nigéria, le delta du Niger est important pour la sécurité énergétique mondiale.

Environmental movements in Sub-Saharan Africa : a political ecology of power and conflict

Upphovsperson: Obi, Cyril I.
Utgivare: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, Conflict, Displacement and Transformation | Geneva : United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
År: 2005
Ämnesord: Nigeria, Kenya, Environment, Social movements, Political aspects, Political science, Statsvetenskap
Extracts Republished with permission in French, as, “Ecologie politique du pouvoir et du conflit. L’exemple du movement Ceinture verte au Kenya”, Dirige par Christine Verschur Genre, mouvements populaires urbains et environment, Cahiers genre et developpment, no. 6, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2007

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